Doctor of Agriculture

Biodiversity and systematics, Ecology

Evolutionary biology, Evolutionary Biology

Ecology and environment, Species interaction and biodiversity

2024 - Present
Shinshu University, 特任教授

2020 - 2022
信州大学 評議員

2017 - 2019
理学部長

2003 - 2024
Shinshu University, Faculty of Science, Professor

2000 - 2003
Shinshu University, Faculty of Science, Associate Professor

1994 - 1995
Harvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Visiting Scholar

1993 - 1999
Kagawa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Associate Professor

1985 - 1992
Kagawa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Lecturer

1958
三重県生まれ

1983 - 1984, Kyoto University, Graduate School, Division of Agriculture

1981 - 1982, Kyoto University, Graduate School, Division of Agriculture

1977 - 1980, Kyoto University, Faculty of Agriculture

2021
The 21th Ecological Research Award
International academic award

2001
Ecological Research Prize
International academic award

The long proboscis of the aphid Stomaphis yanonis (Aphididae Lachninae) is advantageous for avoiding predation by tending ants
Takumi Matsuura; Shunsuke Nakamura; Tetsuya Yamamoto; Tsubasa Toji; Takao Itino
The Science of Nature, 111(4), Jun. 2024
Lead

Evolutionary host shifts across plant orders despite high host specificity in tree stem surface-living Stomaphis aphids inferred from molecular phylogeny
Takumi Matsuura; Tetsuya Yamamoto; Yoshiyuki Matsumoto; Takao Itino
Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 26(4), 102138-102138, Dec. 2023
Lead

Sympatric co-existence of two ecotypes of Impatiens noli-tangere (Balsaminaceae) with different morphology and flowering phenology
Tsubasa Toji; Tetsuya Yamamoto; Hikaru Kondo; Yoshinori Shinohara; Takao Itino
Journal of Plant Research, Feb. 2023
Lead

Parasitism by multiple strepsipterans accelerates timing of adult parasite emergence
Yuta Nakase; Yuichiro Fukumasu; Tsubasa Toji; Natsumi Ishimoto; Takao Itino
Ecology, 103(11), e3811, Feb. 2022
Lead

Positive geographic correlation between soldiers’ weapon size and defensive prowess in a eusocial aphid, Ceratovacuna japonica
Mitsuru Hattori; Masato Ono; Takao Itino
Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2022
Lead

Multiple Parasitism by Strepsipteran Insects Accelerates Timing of Strepsipteran Adult Emergence
Yuta Nakase; Yuichiro Fukumasu; Tsubasa Toji; Natsumi Ishimoto; Takao Itino
The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 103(4), 2022
Lead

Measurement of inbreeding depression in Rhododendron kaempferi: seed production, germination, juvenile survival, and growth
Takahashi, Keigo; Itino, Takao
BOTANY, 100(4), 359-365, 2022
Lead

Intraspecific independent evolution of floral spur length in response to local flower visitor size in Japanese Aquilegia in different mountain regions.
Tsubasa Toji; Shun K Hirota; Natsumi Ishimoto; Yoshihisa Suyama; Takao Itino
Ecology and evolution, 12(3), e8668, 2022
Lead

Discovery of cryptic diversity in phytophagous gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with different ecotypes of the perennial herb Cimicifuga simplex
Tsubasa Toji; Makoto Tokuda; Tetsuya Yamamoto; Yuta Nakase; Takao Itino
Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24(4), 1010-1016, Dec. 2021
Lead

Differences in the flower visitor behaviour on female and hermaphroditic flowers of Cimicifuga simplex.
Toji T and Itino T
Journal of Natural History, 55(19-20), 1289-1298, 2021
Lead

Effect of pollinator size on seed set in Lamium album var. barbatum.
Hattori M, Tamada Y and Itino T
Plant Ecology and Evolution, 154(2), 201–206-206, 2021
Lead

Intraspecific convergence of floral size correlates with pollinator size on different mountains: a case study of a bumblebee-pollinated Lamium (Lamiaceae) flowers in Japan.
Toji T, Ishimoto N, Egawa S, Nakase Y, Hattori M and Itino T
BMC Ecology and Evolution, 21(1), 64, 2021
Lead

日本の中部山岳域におけるナギナタコウジュの分子系統：高山生態型の発見とユーラシア大陸産ナギナタコウジュとの遺伝的差異.
田路翼・市野隆雄
信州大学環境科学年報, 43, 28-36, 2021
Lead

Contrasting altitudinal patterns of diversity between bumblebees and bumblebee-visited flowers: poverty of bumblebee diversity in a high mountain of Japan.
Egawa S and Itino T
Ecological Research, 35, 504-510, 2020
Lead

Evolutionary diversification of Japanese Stomaphis aphids (Aphididae, Lachninae) in relation to their host plant use and ant association.
Yamamoto T, Hattori M, Matsumoto Y, Ueda S and Itino T
The Science of Nature, 107, 14, 2020
Lead

The relative importance of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators of Platanthera hologlottis Maxim. (Orchidaceae).
Hattori M, Tamada Y and Itino T
Journal of Plant Interactions, 15(1), 106-110, 2020
Lead

Seasonal change of flower sex ratio and pollinator dynamics in three reproductive ecotypes of protandrous plant.
Toji T, Ishimoto N and Itino T
Ecosphere, 11(9), e03251, 2020
Lead

Geographic changes in pollinator species composition affect the corolla tube length of self-heal (Prunella vulgaris L.): evidence from three elevational gradients.
Egawa S and Itino T
Ecological Research, 35, 819–825, 2020
Lead

上高地におけるマルハナバチ属の体サイズの種間変異および標高間の種内変異．
江川信・市野隆雄
New Entomologist, 69, 39–47, 2020
Lead

Seasonal migration in aphid genus Stomaphis (Hemiptera Aphididae): discovery of host alternation between woody plants in subfamily Lachninae.
Yamamoto T, Hattori M and Itino T
Journal of Insect Science, 20, 13, 2020
Lead

Cryptic diversity in the aphid-parasitizing wasp Protaphidius nawaii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): discovery of two attendant-ant-specific mtDNA lineages.
Yamamoto T, Hasegawa H, Nakase Y, Komatsu T and Itino T
Zoological Science, 37(2), 117-121, 2020
Lead

Comparison of flower-visiting behaviour of bumblebees and swallowtail butterflies to the Japanese azalea (Rhododendron japonicum).
Takahashi K and Itino T
Journal of Pollination Ecology, 26, 32-37, 2020
Lead

Differences in sex expression and mating systems in three pollination morphs of Cimicifuga simplex.
Toji T and Itino T
Plant Species Biology, 35(2), 112–119-119, 2020
Lead

長野県松本市におけるヒルガオとコヒルガオの雑種（アイノコヒルガオ）の分布と非対称的な交雑
篠原 義典; 市野 隆雄
雑草研究, 63(2), 15-22, 2018, Not invited
Lead

Morphological characteristics reflect food sources and degree of host ant specificity in four Myrmecophilus crickets.
Komatsu T; Maruyama M; Hattori M; Itino T
Insectes Sociaux, 65, 47-57, 2018, Not invited
Lead

Soldiers with large weapons behave aggressively against predators: correlated morphological and behavioral defensive traits in a eusocial aphid
M. Hattori; O. Kishida; T. Itino
INSECTES SOCIAUX, 64(1), 39-44, Feb. 2017, Not invited
Lead

Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations in Coccus (Hemiptera: Coccidae) scale insects help reveal compartmentalized preferences structured by epicuticular wax in a tripartite symbiosis of ants, plants and scales.
Quek S-P, Ueda S, Gullan PJ, Kondo T, Hattori M, Itioka T, Murase K, Itino T
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120, 818–835, 2017
Lead

Population genetic analysis of a highland DNA clade in the red ant Myrmica kotokui Forel 1911 (Formicidae, Myrmicinae)
Shouhei Ueda; Takao Itino
Japanese journal of environmental entomology and zoology, 28(1), 5-13, 2017, Not invited
Lead

Visitation frequencies of bumblebees and swallowtail butterflies to flowers and the nectar sugar concentration of Rhododendron kaempferi and R. japonicum in mountains of central Japan.
Takahashi K; Itino T
Journal of Pollination Ecology, 21, 91-97, 2017, Not invited
Lead

シワクシケアリ高地系統の集団遺伝構造解析
上田 昇平; 市野 隆雄;
環動昆 = Japanese journal of environmental entomology and zoology : 日本環境動物昆虫学会誌, 28(1), 5-13, 2017

Host-ant specificity of endangered large blue butterflies (Phengaris spp., Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Japan
Shouhei Ueda; Takashi Komatsu; Takao Itino; Ryusuke Arai; Hironori Sakamoto
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 6, 36364, Nov. 2016, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Plant genetic diversity and plant-pollinator interactions along altitudinal gradients.
Itino T; AS Hirao
In: Structure and Function of Mountain Ecosystems in Japan: Biodiversity and Vulnerability to Climate Change (Ecological Research Monographs) (eds. By Kudo G) . Springer. ISBN 978-4-431-55954-2, 63-88-88, 2016, Not invited
Lead

Pattern of flower size variation along an altitudinal gradient differs between Impatiens textori and Impatiens noli-tangere
Mitsuru Hattori; Yusuke Nagano; Yoshinori Shinohara; Takao Itino
JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS, 11(1), 152-157, 2016, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Additional species and records of the "horn-backed" Pilophorus plant bugs in Southeast Asia (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)
Y. Nakatani; T. Komatsu; U. Shimizu-kaya; T. Itioka; T. Itino; R. Hashim; S. Ueda; W. Asfiya; H. Herwina; S. Hartini
Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 159(1), 1-8, 2016, Not invited
Lead

Altitudinal flower size variation correlates with local pollinator size in a bumblebee-pollinated herb, Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae)
S. Kuriya; M. Hattori; Y. Nagano; T. Itino
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, 28(10), 1761-1769, Oct. 2015, Not invited
Lead

Two Cleptoparasitic Ant Crickets (Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae) that Share Similar Host Ant Species Differentiate Their Habitat Use in Areas of Sympatry in Japan
T. Komatsu; M. Maruyama; T. Itino
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 62(3), 364-373, Sep. 2015, Not invited
Lead

Genetic structure of a hybrid zone between two violets, Viola rossiiHemsl. and V.bissetiiMaxim.: dominance of F-1 individuals in a narrow contact range
Yusuke Nagano; Akira S. Hirao; Takao Itino
PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY, 30(3), 237-243, Jul. 2015, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

First report of seed dispersal by ants in Dicentra peregrina (Papaveraceae), an alpine plant in the Japanese Alps
Takashi Komatsu; Takao Itino; Shouhei Ueda
ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 18(2), 271-273, Apr. 2015, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Demonstration of pollinator-mediated competition between two native Impatiens species, Impatiens noli-tangere and I. textori (Balsaminaceae)
Nanako Tokuda; Mitsuru Hattori; Kota Abe; Yoshinori Shinohara; Yusuke Nagano; Takao Itino
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 5(6), 1271-1277, Mar. 2015, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Clonal composition of colonies of a eusocial aphid, Ceratovacuna japonica
M. Hattori; T. Yamamoto; T. Itino
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 62(1), 116-119, Mar. 2015, Not invited
Lead

Congruence of Microsatellite and Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Acrobat Ants (Crematogaster Subgenus Decacrema, Formicidae: Myrmicinae) Inhabiting Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) Myrmecophytes
Shouhei Ueda; Yusuke Nagano; Yowsuke Kataoka; Takashi Komatsu; Takao Itioka; Usun Shimizu-kaya; Yoko Inui; Takao Itino
PLOS ONE, 10(2), e0116602, Feb. 2015, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

長野県松本市におけるクヌギクチナガオオアブラムシStomaphis japonicaの随伴アリ種組成
山本哲也; 服部充; 上田昇平; 市野隆雄
New Entomologist, 64, 1-6, 2015, Not invited
Lead

長野県におけるキツリフネImpatiens noli-tangere L. (Balsaminaceae)の開花フェノロジーと株あたり花数にみられる二型
篠原義典; 服部充; 市野隆雄
長野県植物研究会誌, 48, 25-28, 2015, Not invited
Lead

長野県中部におけるツリフネソウImpatiens textori Miq. (Blasaminaceae)の訪花昆虫
服部充; 山本哲也; 市野隆雄
長野県植物研究会誌, 48, 29-30, 2015, Not invited
Lead

クヌギクチナガオオアブラムシの甘露排出数と，気温および体長との相関
宮入, 啓彰; 服部, 充; 山本, 哲也; 市野, 隆雄
環境科学年報, 37, 15-17, 2015, Not invited
Lead

Changes in pollinator fauna affect altitudinal variation of floral size in a bumblebee-pollinated herb
Yusuke Nagano; Kota Abe; Tomoaki Kitazawa; Mitsuru Hattori; Akira S. Hirao; Takao Itino
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 4(17), 3395-3407, Sep. 2014, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Moth caterpillar solicits for homopteran honeydew
Takashi Komatsu; Takao Itino
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 4, 3922, Jan. 2014, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

北アルプス常念岳東麓におけるハシリドコロ(ナス科)の訪花オドリバエ.
服部充; 長野祐介; 三枝豊平; 上田昇平; 小松貴; 江川信; 市野隆雄
日本環境動物昆虫学会誌, 25(2), 67-70, 2014, Not invited
Lead

北アルプス常念岳東麓におけるハシリドコロ(ナス科)の花サイズ変異．
長野祐介; 服部充; 市野隆雄
信州大学環境科学年報, 36, 1-3, 2014, Not invited
Lead

Genetic and ecological differentiation of herbaceous plants along elevational gradients in the central mountain region, Japan (in Japanese)
Itino, Takao; Kuriya, Satoko; Kuzume, Haruka; Hirao, Akira; Nagano, Yusuke
地球環境, 19(1), 71-78, 2014, Not invited
Lead

Soldiers with large weapons in predator-abundant midsummer: phenotypic plasticity in a eusocial aphid
Mitsuru Hattori; Osamu Kishida; Takao Itino
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY, 27(5), 847-862, Sep. 2013, Not invited
Lead

Myrmecophilous aphids produce cuticular hydrocarbons that resemble those of their tending ants
Shintaro Endo; Takao Itino
POPULATION ECOLOGY, 55(1), 27-34, Jan. 2013, Not invited
Lead

New Pilophorus species associated with myrmecophilous Macaranga trees from the Malay Peninsula and Borneo (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)
Y. Nakatani; T. Komatsu; T. Itino; U. Shimizu-kaya; T. Itioka; R. Hashim; S. Ueda
Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 156(2-3), 113-126, 2013, Not invited
Lead

Ecological and morphological differentiation between two cryptic DNA clades in the red ant Myrmica kotokui Forel 1911 (Myrmicinae).
Ueda S; Ando T; Sakamoto H; Yamamoto T; Matsuzuki T; Itino T
New Entomologist, 62, 1-10, 2013, Not invited
Lead

Nonintegrated host association of myrmecophilus tetramorii, a specialist myrmecophilous ant cricket (Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae)
Takashi Komatsu; Munetoshi Maruyama; Takao Itino
Psyche (New York), 2013, 568536, 2013, Not invited
Lead

Buying time for colony mates: The anti-predatory function of soldiers in the eusocial aphid Ceratovacuna japonica (Homoptera, Hormaphidinae)
M. Hattori; O. Kishida; T. Itino
Insectes Sociaux, 60(1), 15-21, 2013, Not invited
Lead

Congruence between pollination morphs and genotypes based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA in Cimicifuga simplex (Ranunculaceae)
Kuzume H; Itino T
The Journal of Japanese Botany, 88(3), 176-181, 2013, Not invited
Lead

The aphid-tending ant Lasius fuji exhibits reduced aggression toward aphids marked with ant cuticular hydrocarbons
Shintaro Endo; Takao Itino
POPULATION ECOLOGY, 54(3), 405-410, Jul. 2012, Not invited
Lead

Timing of butterfly parasitization of a plant-ant-scale symbiosis
Shouhei Ueda; Tadahiro Okubo; Takao Itioka; Usun Shimizu-kaya; Masaya Yago; Yoko Inui; Takao Itino
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 27(2), 437-443, Mar. 2012, Not invited
Lead

Larger Seeds are Dispersed Farther: the Long-Distance Seed Disperser ant Aphaenogaster famelica Prefers Larger Seeds
Satobu Takahashi; Takao Itino
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 59(4), 1401-1411, 2012, Not invited
Lead

Eggs of a Eusial Aphid’s Predator are Protected Against Attacks by Aphid Soldiers
Hattori, Mitsuru; Itino, Takao
Sociobiology, 59(4), 1315-1322, 2012, Not invited
Lead

How Do Scale Insects Settle into the Nests of Plant-Ants on Macaranga Myrmecophytes? Dispersal by Wind and Selection by Plant-Ants
Chihiro Handa; Shouhei Ueda; Hirotaka Tanaka; Takao Itino; Takao Itioka
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 59(2), 435-446, 2012, Not invited
Lead

The vertical distribution of ants in Mt. Norikura
栂井龍一; 上田昇平; 服部充; 市野隆雄
環境動物昆虫学会誌, 23(3), 119-125, 2012, Not invited
Lead

Phylogeny and phylogeography of Myrmica rubra complex (Myrmicinae) in the Japanese Alps
Ueda Shouhei; Nozawa Taito; Matsuzuki Tetsuya; Seki Ryo-ichi; Shimamoto Shinya; Itino Takao
Psyche, 2012(2012), 319097-319097, 2012, Not invited
Lead

Molecular phylogenetic affinities of Japanese Xenid and Stylopid Strepsipterans (Strepsiptera: Xenidae, Stylopidae) parasitizing wasps and bees.
ISAKA Yuichi; UEDA Souhei; ITINO Takao
New Entomologist, 61(1-2), 15-20, 2012, Not invited
Lead

How do scale insects settle into the nests of plant-ants on macaranga myrmecophytes? dispersal by wind and selection by plant-ants
Chihiro Handau; Shouhei Ueda; Hirotaka Tanaka; Takao Itino; Takao Itioka
Practice Nurse, 41(17), 435-446, Oct. 2011
Lead

Phylogeography of the Coccus scale insects inhabiting myrmecophytic Macaranga plants in Southeast Asia
Shouhei Ueda; Swee-Peck Quek; Takao Itioka; Kaori Murase; Takao Itino
POPULATION ECOLOGY, 52(1), 137-146, Jan. 2010, Not invited
Lead

Differences in host specificity and behavior of two ant cricket species (Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae) in Honshu, Japan
Takashi Komatsu; Munetoshi Maruyama; Takao Itino
Journal of Entomological Science, 45(3), 227-238, 2010, Not invited
Lead

乗鞍岳における飛翔性ハネカクシ科昆虫の垂直分布と季節消長
淺木宏覚; 市野隆雄
信州大学環境科学年報, 32, 73-98, 2010, Not invited
Lead

Multiple Factors Maintaining High Species-Specificity in Macaranga-Crematogaster (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Myrmecophytism: Higher Mortality in Mismatched Ant-Seedling Pairs
Kaori Murase; Seiki Yamane; Takao Itino; Takao Itioka
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 55(3), 883-898, 2010, Not invited
Lead

Behavioral differences between two ant cricket species in Nansei Islands: host-specialist versus host-generalist
Takashi Komatsu; M. Maruyama; T. Itino
INSECTES SOCIAUX, 56(4), 389-396, Nov. 2009, Not invited
Lead

Evolution of biological communities - a phylogenetic approach (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
In: Community Ecology Series, Vol. 2, "Evolutionary Biology", Kyoto University Academic Press, 2009, Not invited
Lead

上高地徳沢における林床植物の開花フェノロジーと訪花昆虫
片岡陽介; 平尾章; 長野祐介; 市野隆雄
信州大学環境科学年報, 31, 96-110, 2009, Not invited
Lead

An ancient tripartite symbiosis of plants, ants and scale insects
Shouhei Ueda; Swee-Peck Quek; Takao Itioka; Keita Inamori; Yumiko Sato; Kaori Murase; Takao Itino
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 275(1649), 2319-2326, Oct. 2008, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

mtDNA phylogeny of Japanese ant crickets (Orthoptera : Myrmecophilidae): Diversification in host specificity and habitat use
Takashi Komatsu; Munetoshi Maruyama; Shouhei Ueda; Takao Itino
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 52(3), 553-565, 2008, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Soldiers' armature changes seasonally and locally in an eusocial aphid (Homoptera : Aphididae)
Mitsuru Hattori; Takao Itino
SOCIOBIOLOGY, 52(2), 429-436, 2008, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Ant Plants and ants - exploring the history of co-diversification (in Japanese)
Itino, Takao; Quek, Swee-Peck; Ueda, Shohei
In : Coevolutionary Ecology - Diversity woven by interactions between organisms (Society for Species Biology, ed.), 2008, Not invited
Lead

The geography of diversification in mutualistic ants: a gene's-eye view into the Neogene history of Sundaland rain forests
S.-P. Quek; S. J. Davies; P. S. Ashton; T. Itino; N. E. Pierce
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, 16(10), 2045-2062, May 2007, Not invited
Lead

Phylogeography of Japanese alpine butterfly Erebia niphonica (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) inferred from mitochondrial gene sequences
BAN U; SEKIGUCHI Masayuki; NAKATANI Takatoshi; ITOHTateto; USAMI Shin-ichi; ITINO Takao
New Entomologist, 56(1-2), 1-7, 2007, Not invited
Lead

Coevolution of ants and plants.
Itino, T
In: Pollination Ecology and the Rain Forest (eds. by Roubik, D. W., Sakai, S. and Hamid, A. A.) Springer, New York., 172-177, 2005, Not invited
Lead

Phylogenetic position of Luehdorfia chinensis huashanensis Lee (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial gene sequence analyses
MATSUMURA Takayoshi; USAMI Shinichi; UEDA Shouhei; ITINO Takao; ITO Tateo; XING Lian Xi
Lepidoptera Science, 56(4), 333-341, 2005, Not invited
Lead

Codiversification in an ant-plant mutualism: Stem texture and the evolution of host use in Crematogaster (Formicidae : Myrmicinae) inhabitants of Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae)
SP Quek; SJ Davies; T Itino; NE Pierce
EVOLUTION, 58(3), 554-570, Mar. 2004, Not invited
Lead

Difference in Crematogaster borneensis on Macaranga myrmecophytes between primary and secondary forests inferred from ecological data and mitochondrial COI gene sequences.
Murase, K; Itioka, T; Itino, T; Yamane, S; Su, ZH
ANet Newsletter, 7, 5-9, 2004, Not invited
Lead

The modern significance of a magnificent frontier spirit - the biology of Kinji Imanishi (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
科学, 73(12), 1321-1327, Dec. 2003, Not invited
Lead

Duration of developmental stages of Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera:Bruchidae) on Azuki bean and the effects of neem and sesame oils at different stages of their development.
Ahmed, K. S; T. Itino; T. Ichikawa
Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 6(10), 932-935, 2003, Not invited
Lead

Coadaptation and coevolution of Macaranga trees and their symbiotic ants.
Itino, T; Itioka, T; Davies, S. J
In: Genes, Behaviors and Evolution of Social Insects (eds. by Kikuchi, T., Higashi, S. and Azuma, N.) Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo, Japan., 283-294, 2003, Not invited
Lead

Carbon and nitrogen contents of food bodies in three myrmecophytic species of Macaranga: implications for antiherbivore defense mechanisms
A Hatada; T Itioka; R Yamaoka; T Itino
JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH, 115(1119), 179-184, Jun. 2002, Refereed, Not invited
Lead

Ants and plants - a natural history of symbiosis (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
In: ハチとアリの自然史（前田泰生・伊藤文紀・杉浦直人編） 北海道大学図書刊行会, 2002, Not invited
Lead

Species specificity in settling-plant selection by foundress ant queens in Macaranga-Crematogaster myrmecophytism in a Bornean dipterocarp forest
K Murase; T Itioka; Y Inui; T Itino
JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY, 20(1), 19-24, 2002, Not invited
Lead

Interspecific variation and ontogenetic change in antiherbivore defense in myrmecophytic Macaranga species
T Itino; T Itioka
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 16(4), 765-774, Dec. 2001, Not invited
Lead

Effects of food rewards offered by ant-plant Macaranga on the colony size of ants
T Itino; T Itioka; A Hatada; AA Hamid
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 16(4), 775-786, Dec. 2001, Not invited
Lead

Cospeciation of ants and plants
T Itino; SJ Davies; H Tada; O Hieda; M Inoguchi; T Itioka; S Yamane; T Inoue
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 16(4), 787-793, Dec. 2001, Not invited
Lead

Chemical recognition of partner plant species by foundress ant queens in Macaranga-Crematogaster myrmecophytism
Y Inui; T Itioka; K Murase; R Yamaoka; T Itino
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY, 27(10), 2029-2040, Oct. 2001, Not invited
Lead

アリ植物マカランガ属の食物供給量が共生アリのコロニーサイズに及ぼす影響
市野 隆雄; 市岡 孝朗; 畑田 彩; HAMID A. A
日本生態学会誌, 51(3), 314-314, 2001, Not invited
Lead

アリ植物マカランガ属における対植食者防衛の種間差と生育にともなう防衛強度の変化
市野 隆雄; 市岡 孝朗
日本生態学会誌, 51(3), 314-314, 2001, Not invited
Lead

アリと植物の共種分化
市野 隆雄; DAVES S. J; 多田 英子; 稗田 良宏; 猪口 美嘉; 市岡 孝朗; 山根 正気; 井上 民二
日本生態学会誌, 51(3), 314-314, 2001, Not invited
Lead

Difference in intensity of ant defense among three species of Macaranga myrmecophytes in a southeast Asian dipterocarp forest
T Itioka; M Nomura; Y Inui; T Itino; T Inoue
BIOTROPICA, 32(2), 318-326, Jun. 2000, Not invited
Lead

Variations in abiotic defense within myrmecophytic and non-myrmecophytic species of Macaranga in a Bornean dipterocarp forest
M Nomura; T Itioka; T Itino
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 15(1), 1-11, Mar. 2000, Not invited
Lead

香川県における訪花性ハナアブ類の季節消長と花利用様式 (香川大学五十周年記念号)
田井 謙一郎; 市野 隆雄
香川大学農学部学術報告, 52(105), 71-77, 2000, Not invited
Lead

The efficacy of volatile ingredients in neem oil against Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera:Bruchidae) (Special Issue for the Fiftieth Anniversary of Kagawa University)
Ban U; AHMED Kazi Shahanara; Itino Takao
Technical bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 52, 67-69, 2000, Not invited
Lead

Effects of plant oils on oviposition preference and larval survivorship of Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) on azuki bean
KS Ahmed; T Itino; T Ichikawa
APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY, 34(4), 547-550, Nov. 1999, Not invited
Lead

Ants and ant plants in tropical rainforests - symbiosis and coevolution (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
インセクタリゥム, 36(6), 172-179, Jun. 1999, Not invited
Lead

Effects of plant oils on oviposition preference and larval survivorship of Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on azuki bean
Kazi Shahanara Ahmed; Takao Itino; Toshihide Ichikawa
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 34(4), 547-550, 1999, Not invited
Lead

Toward conservation of biodiversity (in Japanese)
Takao Itino; Tamiji Inoue
In: Iwanami Lectures on Global Environmental Studies, Volume 5: Biodiversity and its Conservation, 1998, Not invited
Lead

Monitoring of plant phenology in an aseasonal tropical rain forest
Yumoto, T; Momose, K; Nagamitsu, T; Inoue, T; Nagamasu, H; Kato, M; Itino. T; Hamid, A
Thai Studies in Biodiversity, 2, 289-306, 1998, Not invited
Lead

マルハナバチ一斉調査(第一報)
保全生態学研究会; 荒木 佐智子; 市野 隆雄; 加藤 徹; 加藤 真; 神谷 光太郎; 栗原 祐子; 小杉山 晃一; 小林 芽里; 須賀 丈; 鈴木 和雄; 田井 謙一郎; 田中 肇; 中島 真紀; 中野 千賀; 日江井 香弥子; 廣田 幸将; 福田 陽子; 古水 孝尚; 松井 淳; 松村 千鶴; 松本 雅道; 鷲谷 いづみ
保全生態学研究, 2(3), 201-207, 1998, Not invited
Lead

Pollination of hemiparasites (Loranthaceae) by spider hunters (Nectariniidae) in the canopy of a Bornean tropical rainforest
Yumoto Takakazu; Itino Takao; Nagamasu Hidetoshi
Selbyana, 18(1), 51-60, 1997, Not invited
Lead

Comparative ecology of the population dynamics of eumenid wasps (in Japanese with English summary)
Takao Itino
Research Bulletin of Kagawa University, Faculty of Agriculture, 62, 1-206, 1997, Not invited
Lead

Ground ant fauna in a Bornean dipterocarp forest
S Yamane; T Itino; AR Nona
RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY, 44(1), 253-262, Jun. 1996, Not invited
Lead

From the evolution of sociality to the structure of community: the importance of natural enemy avoidance behavior in Eumenid wasps (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
In: Development of Ecology of Insect Population Dynamics (edited by Eizi Kuno) Kyoto University Academic Press, 1996, Not invited
Lead

Myrmecology in Harvard: nine months at the Museum of Comparative Zoology (in Japanese)
Takao Itino
蟻, 20, 41-55, 1996, Not invited
Lead

The vertical distribution of ants on canopy trees in a Bornean lowland rain forest
市野隆雄; 山根正気
Tropics, 4(2-3), 277-281, 1996, Not invited
Lead

SEASONALITY AND VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF LIGHT-ATTRACTED INSECT COMMUNITIES IN A DIPTEROCARP FOREST IN SARAWAK
M KATO; T INOUE; AA HAMID; T NAGAMITSU; MB MERDEK; AR NONA; T ITINO; S YAMANE; T YUMOTO
RESEARCHES ON POPULATION ECOLOGY, 37(1), 59-79, Jun. 1995, Not invited
Lead

Melittophily and ornithophily of long-tubed flowers in West Sumatra
Kato, M; Itino, T; Nagamitsu, T
Tropics, 2(3), 129-142, 1993, Not invited
Lead

Inter- and intra-specific variation in prey assemblages and inhabitant communities in Nepenthes pitchers in Sumatra
M. Kato; M. Hotta; R. Tamin; T. Itino
Tropical Zoology, 6(1), 11-25, 1993, Not invited
Lead

DIFFERENTIAL DIET BREADTHS AND SPECIES COEXISTENCE IN LEAFROLLER-HUNTING EUMENID WASPS
T ITINO
RESEARCHES ON POPULATION ECOLOGY, 34(1), 203-211, Jun. 1992, Not invited
Lead

THE MATING-BEHAVIOR OF ADULTS OF THE SUGI BARK BORER, SEMANOTUS-JAPONICUS LACORDAIRE (COLEOPTERA, CERAMBYCIDAE)
T SUGIYAMA; M WASHIZU; T ITINO; T ICHIKAWA; H OKAMOTO
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY, 36(1), 5-12, Feb. 1992, Not invited
Lead

The flights of adults of the sugi bark borer, Semanotus japonicus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), from standing trees of Japanese cedar and their behaviors on branches and on the ground
SUGIYAMA Takashi; ANAMI Hajime; ICHINO Takao; ICHIKAWA Toshihide; OKAMOTO Hidetoshi
JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE FORESTRY SOCIETY, 74(4), 273-281, 1992, Not invited
Lead

The flights of adults of the sugi bark borer, Semanotus japonicus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), from standing trees of Japanese cedar and their behaviors on branches and on the ground
杉山 隆史; 阿南 一; 市野 隆雄; 市川 俊英; 岡本 秀俊
日本林學會誌, 74(4), 273-281-281, 1992, Not invited
Lead

POLLINATION ECOLOGY OF THE 2 WILD BANANAS, MUSA-ACUMINATA SUBSP HALABANENSIS AND M-SALACCENSIS - CHIROPTEROPHILY AND ORNITHOPHILY
T ITINO; M KATO; M HOTTA
BIOTROPICA, 23(2), 151-158, Jun. 1991, Not invited
Lead

Thrinchostoma (Diagonozus) asianum sp. nov.: discovery of an African subgenus of long-malared halictine bees from Sumatra, with some observations on its oligotrophy to Impatiens
SAKAGAMI Shôichi F; KATO Makoto; ITINO Takao
Tropics, 1(1), 49-58, 1991, Not invited
Lead

Pollination of four Sumatran Impatiens species by hawkmoths and bees
KATO Makoto; ITINO Takao; HOTTA Mitsuru; INOUE Tamiji
Tropics, 1(1), 59-73, 1991, Not invited
Lead

Behavior of the Sugi Bark Borer, Semanotus japonicus (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), on Live Standing Trees of Japanese Cedar in a Wood
SUGIYAMA Takashi; URANO Hiroyuki; ITINO Takao; ICHIKAWA Toshihide; OKAMOTO Hidetoshi
Japanese journal of entomology, 59(3), 675-691, 1991, Not invited
Lead

レンゲの蜜分泌様式と送粉昆虫の行動
村上一男; 市野隆雄
ミツバチ科学, 11, 11-16, 1990, Not invited
Lead

Insect-flower relationship in the temperate deciduous forest of Kibune, Kyoto: an overview of the flowering phenology and the seasonal pattern of insect visits
INOUE Tamiji; KATO Makoto; KAKUTANI Takehiko; SUKA Takeshi; ITINO Takao
Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University, 27(4), 377-463, 1990, Not invited
Lead

Insect-flower relationship in the primary beech forest of Ashu, Kyoto: an overview of the flowering phenology and the seasonal pattern of insect visits
KATO Makoto; KAKUTANI Takehiko; INOUE Tamiji; ITINO Takao
Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University, 27(4), 309-375-375, 1990, Not invited
Lead

Flower visitors of 32 plant species in West Sumatra
加藤真; 市野隆雄; 堀田満; I. Abbas; 岡田博
Occasional papers of the Kagoshima University Research Center for the South Pacific, 16, 15-31, 1989, Not invited
Lead

THE SPATIAL PATTERNS OF PARASITISM OF EUMENID WASPS, ANTERHYNCHIUM-FLAVOMARGINATUM AND ORANCISTROCERUS-DREWSENI BY THE MILTOGRAMMINE FLY AMOBIA-DISTORTA
T ITINO
RESEARCHES ON POPULATION ECOLOGY, 30(1), 1-12, Jun. 1988, Not invited
Lead

COMPARISON OF LIFE-TABLES BETWEEN THE SOLITARY EUMENID WASP ANTERHYNCHIUM-FLAVOMARGINATUM AND THE SUBSOCIAL EUMENID WASP ORANCISTROCERUS-DREWSENI TO EVALUATE THE ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF MATERNAL-CARE
T ITINO
RESEARCHES ON POPULATION ECOLOGY, 28(2), 185-199, Dec. 1986, Not invited
Lead

Interspecific and Intraspecific Relationships of Brenthis daphne and B. ino in Japan : Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Analysis
濱本 健汰; 上田 昇平; 市野 隆雄; 中谷 貴壽; 宇佐美 真一; 伊藤 建夫
Butterfly science = バタフライ・サイエンス, (5), 17 - 24, 2016, Not invited
http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/027929293
Lead

絶滅が危惧され,アリの巣に寄生するチョウ,日本産ゴマシジミの寄主アリ特異性
上田 昇平; 小松 貴; 市野 隆雄
昆虫DNA研究会ニュースレター, (23), 3 - 10, Sep. 2015, Not invited
Lead

Symbiotic interaction between ants and scale insects inhabiting: myrmecophytic Macaranga plants
上田 昇平; 市野 隆雄
Biological science, 61(4), 219 - 226, Jun. 2010, Not invited
Lead

パイオニアワークの軌跡
市野隆雄
週刊金曜日, 396, 2002
Lead

新刊紹介『井上民二著・熱帯雨林の生態学－生物多様性の世界を探る』
市野隆雄
ハナバチ談話会ニュースレター, 4, 15-16, 2002
Lead

オオバギの対植食者防衛戦略--アリ防衛と化学防衛の組み合わせ (特集・熱帯の昆虫研究最前線)
市岡 孝朗; 市野 隆雄
昆虫と自然, 34(12), 15 - 18, Nov. 1999, Not invited
Lead

熱帯雨林のアリとアリ植物--相利共生と共進化(2)アリとマカランガの利害関係
市岡 孝朗; 市野 隆雄
インセクタリゥム, 36(7), 188 - 194, Jul. 1999, Not invited
Lead

熱帯雨林のアリとアリ植物--相利共生と共進化(1)数百万年にわたる共進化
市野 隆雄; 市岡 孝朗;
インセクタリゥム, 36(6), 172-179, 1999

「共進化する群集」という視点
市野隆雄
生物群集を考えるニュースレター, 5, 23-25, 1997
Lead

香川県のアリ相
湊正寿・亀山剛・伊藤文紀・市野隆雄
蟻, 20, 9-13, 1996
Lead

バナナの送粉者－コウモリと鳥
市野隆雄
週刊朝日百科 植物の世界, 115, 198, 1996
Lead

アリを味方につけた熱帯の植物たち
市野隆雄
月刊言語, 24(8), 28-37, 1995
Lead

花粉を運ぶ脊椎動物たち
市野隆雄
週刊朝日百科 動物たちの地球, 110, 40-41, 1993
Lead

花と昆虫のエコロジーⅡ 昆虫標本の整理と同定
市野隆雄
日本の生物, 4(12), 66-71, 1990
Lead

花と昆虫のエコロジーⅠ 開花フェノロジーと訪花性昆虫相の野外調査
市野隆雄
日本の生物, 4(11), 66-71, 1990
Lead

ドロバチ類の生態
市野隆雄
自然学研究, 1, 85-94, 1986
Lead

生物多様性と地球環境問題. In: 生きものなんでも相談（日本動物学会近畿支部 編）
市野隆雄, Single work
大阪公立大学共同出版会, 84,87,90 2009

Plant Defenses, Defensive Substances, Ant Plants, Endophytic Fungi. In: Encyclopedia of Plants (Kunio Iwatsuki et al. ed.)
Takao Itino, Single work
朝倉書店, 136-140 2009

生物群集の進化－系統学的アプローチ．　In: シリーズ群集生態学 第2巻「進化生物学からせまる」
市野隆雄, Joint work
京都大学学術出版会, 185-221 2009

アリ植物とアリ－共多様化の歴史を探る．　In: 共進化の生態学－生物間相互作用が織りなす多様性
市野隆雄/Swee-Peck Quek/上田昇平, Joint work
文一総合出版, 119-150 2008

カメムシの仲間，甲虫の仲間（カミキリムシ以外），ハチ・アリの仲間，シリアゲムシの仲間．In: 明科の自然（明科町史自然編）（清水建美・吉田利男 編）
市野隆雄, Single work
ほおずき書房, 315-333 2007

アリと植物-共生の自然史． In: ハチとアリの自然史（前田泰生・伊藤文紀・杉浦直人編）
市野隆雄, Single work
北海道大学図書刊行会, 258-277 2002
ISBN:4832999613

生物間相互作用の歴史的過程-アリ植物をめぐる生物群集の共進化．In: 群集生態学の現在（佐藤宏明・安田弘法・山本智子編）
市野隆雄/市岡孝朗, Single work
京都大学学術出版会, 353-370 2001

ドロバチ亜科 in: 日本動物大百科第10巻 昆虫III
松浦誠,市野隆雄, Joint work, ドロバチ亜科
平凡社, 36-38 1998

第7章 生物多様性の保全にむけて．In: 岩波講座「地球環境学」第5巻 生物多様性とその保全（井上民二・和田英太郎編）
市野隆雄/井上民二, Joint work
岩波書店, 197-229 1998
ISBN:4000109057

社会性の進化から群集構造の決定まで－ドロバチ類における天敵回避行動の重要性．In: 昆虫個体群生態学の展開（久野英二編著）
市野隆雄, Joint work
京都大学学術出版会, 390-412 1996

Pollination by vertebrates: the example of banana. In: Series Earth Symbiosis 4. Animals attracted to flowers: coevolution of plants and pollinators.
Takao itino; Mitsuru Hotta, Single work
平凡社, 175-194 1993
ISBN:4582500242

ドロバチ類の個体群動態に関する比較生態学的研究
市野隆雄, Single work
[市野隆雄], - 1992

マルハナバチの経済学（井上民二監訳）(Heinrich, B.: Bumblebee Economics, Harvard University Press, Cambridge)
加藤真,市野隆雄,角谷岳彦(訳), Joint work
文一総合出版, 1-89 1991

アメリカ進化学会

日本進化学会

イギリス生態学会

種生物学会

個体群生態学会

日本生態学会

アリの捕食がもたらすアブラムシ口吻長の進化：自然界における「育種」
科学研究費補助金（挑戦的研究（萌芽））
2021 - 2022

標高上下間での植物の遺伝的分化と、送粉昆虫が分化の維持に果たす役割
科学研究費補助金（基盤研究(B)）, 日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B)
信州大学
Apr. 2019 - Mar. 2024

ハナバチ送粉系の生態系機能の解明：植物群集の開花構造と形質進化
科学研究費補助金（基盤研究(A)）
2017 - 2019

Geographic mosaics of coevolution in an aphid-ant mutualism and an aphid-predator system
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Shinshu University
Apr. 2014 - Mar. 2019

東南アジア熱帯におけるアリが介在した動植物６者共生系の多様性の進化
科学研究費補助金（基盤研究(A)）
Apr. 2010 - Mar. 2015

Mechanisms governing selective predation of ants on aphids
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Shinshu University
2010 - 2012

環境研究総合推進費（研究分担者） 気候変動に対する森林帯−高山帯エコトーンの多様性消失の実態とメカニズムの解明
その他公的資金, 環境研究総合推進費
2009 - 2010

Evolutionary history of ant-mediated tripartite obligate mutualism
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Shinshu University
2006 - 2008

アリの育種がもたらすアブラムシの進化の実証およびその機構の解明
科学研究費補助金（萌芽研究）, 日本学術振興会, 萌芽研究
信州大学
2006 - 2007

Coevolving communities-molecular phylogenetic analyses of myrmecophyte-insect symbioses in tropical rain forests
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Shinshu University
Apr. 2004 - Mar. 2006

Molecular phylogeography of myrmecophyte-ant-scale insect tripartite symbiosis in Southeast Asian tropical forests
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Shinshu University
Apr. 2002 - Mar. 2004

Molecular phylogenetic study on coevolution of Macaranga myrmecophytes, their symbiontic ants and scale insects in Southeast Asian tropics
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Shinshu University
Apr. 2000 - Mar. 2002

An integrated study on biodiversity conservation under global change and bio-inventory management system
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Creative Basic Research
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
Apr. 1997 - Mar. 2002

Molecular phylogeny of ant-plant Macarangas, their symbiotic ants and affiliated organisms in Southeast Asian tropics.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Kagawa University
Apr. 1996 - Mar. 1998

Studies on ant-plant mutualilsm and biodiversity in a tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
Kagoshima University
Apr. 1995 - Mar. 1997

Biodiversity in the canopy of tropical rainforests
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
1994 - 1996

野菜害虫ワタアブラムシの増殖にアリ類がおよぼす影響
科学研究費補助金（奨励研究(A)）, 日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A)
香川大学
Apr. 1992 - Mar. 1993

Plant reproductive systems and animal seasonal dynamics - Long-term study of dipterocarp forests in Sarawak -
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University
1992 - 1993

食植性害虫を狩るカリバチ類の餌採集生態に関する基礎的研究
科学研究費補助金（奨励研究(A)）, 日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A)
香川大学
Apr. 1988 - Mar. 1989

Speciation mechanisms and coevolution at Malesian wet tropics (Sumatra)
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University
1987 - 1988

マレーシア湿潤熱帯での種の分化と相互適応的な進化の研究
科学研究費補助金（海外学術研究）, 日本学術振興会, 海外学術研究
京都大学
1987 - 1987

熱帯産アリ類における社会構造と寄生・共生者の多様性
科学研究費補助金（基盤研究(A)）

●植物ー送粉者の相互作用、種分化、適応進化

●標高傾度にそった昆虫群集の分布と、その形成プロセス

●アリの育種がもたらすアブラムシの進化

●アリ巣内生息性昆虫における寄主特異性の進化と種多様化の歴史

●アリ捕食性チョウ類のアリへの種特異化と多様化

●木本寄生性アブラムシ類における生物間相互作用の生態と進化

●東南アジア熱帯雨林におけるアリ植物－アリ－カイガラムシ－寄生者４者共生系の生態と共進化

●森林における植物ー送粉者の相互作用、種分化、適応進化